Conditions Hub
Metabolic Conditions
Educational overviews of the conditions most commonly associated with metabolic disease. Each page is reviewed by a clinician and updated on a defined cadence.
Obesity
A chronic, relapsing disease characterized by excess adipose tissue with health consequences.
Insulin Resistance
A reduced cellular response to insulin, often upstream of type 2 diabetes.
Prediabetes
Blood glucose above normal but below the diabetes threshold — a window for intervention.
Type 2 Diabetes
Chronic hyperglycemia driven by insulin resistance and progressive beta-cell dysfunction.
Metabolic Syndrome
A cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors that frequently occur together.
Fatty Liver Disease (MASLD)
Excess hepatic fat in the context of metabolic risk factors.
Hypertension
Chronically elevated blood pressure — a major modifiable cardiovascular risk factor.
Sleep Apnea
Repeated upper-airway obstruction during sleep, with metabolic and cardiovascular consequences.
Dyslipidemia
Abnormal blood lipids — high triglycerides, low HDL, or elevated LDL.
Medical Review & Clinical Oversight
The educational content on this website is reviewed for medical accuracy, clarity, and patient safety by experienced bariatric and metabolic surgery professionals. The purpose of this review is to help ensure that information about obesity treatment, bariatric surgery, metabolic health, revisional surgery, endoscopic procedures, GLP-1 medications, and long-term follow-up is presented responsibly and without exaggerated claims.
Medical Reviewers
Dr. Ariel Ortiz Lagardere is a bariatric and metabolic surgeon with extensive experience in minimally invasive weight-loss surgery, metabolic disease treatment, international patient care, and surgical education. Public professional profiles describe him as board-certified in Mexico, a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, a Fellow of the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, and an SRC-recognized Master Surgeon in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.
Dr. Arturo Martinez Gamboa has been affiliated with Obesity Control Center since 2001. His publicly available professional biography describes advanced laparoscopic and bariatric training at Hospital Ramón y Cajal in Madrid, Spain. Surgical Review Corporation sources identify him as an SRC-accredited Master Surgeon in Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery and Bariatric Revisional Surgery.
Dr. Helmuth Billy is a bariatric surgeon specializing in laparoscopic bariatric surgery, revisional bariatric surgery, and multidisciplinary weight-loss care. Public ASMBS meeting biographies describe him as being in private practice since 1997, actively practicing bariatric surgery since 2000, serving as medical director at two MBSAQIP hospitals, and having a clinical interest in weight regain and revisional surgery.
All medical content is periodically reviewed for accuracy, relevance, readability, and consistency with current medical knowledge and accepted bariatric and metabolic surgery principles. Content is intended to support informed decision-making and does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional.
This website provides general educational information only. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, treatment recommendations, or guarantees of outcome. Candidacy for any medical, surgical, endoscopic, or medication-based treatment must be determined by a qualified healthcare professional after an individual evaluation.
References
Selected authoritative sources informing our educational content. External links open in a new tab; we do not control or endorse third-party content.
- American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS)
- International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- American Diabetes Association (ADA) — Standards of Care
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE)
- Surgical Review Corporation (SRC) — MBSAQIP and Center of Excellence accreditation
- Peer-reviewed bariatric and metabolic surgery literature (cited inline where applicable).